The BSD Conjecture as a Positivity Normal-Form Theorem

We reformulate the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture as a positivity normal-form characterisation. Four axioms (finite capacity, height positivity, controlled Iwasawa growth, Euler-system coherence) identify BSD as the expected canonical product form once explicit bridge hypotheses are supplied. For rank ≤ 1, this is a normal-form reading of the Gross–Zagier/Kolyvagin theorem package. For rank ≥ 2, Height Saturation is conditional: it names the missing higher Gross–Zagier height/cycle coupling and higher-rank Selmer/Kolyvagin/Sha control, but does not prove them. CHANGELOG Changes in Version 1.1 (March 2026) No substantive changes. Recompiled with latest cross-references. Changes in Version 1.2 (May 2026) Major: Added Post-Zookeeper higher-rank module framing and synchronized the German paper with the English Szpiro/theta bridge. Critical: Corrected the Szpiro/Tamagawa implication: unweighted control of Tamagawa product does not imply Szpiro without a prime-weighted local upgrade. Critical: Added bridge-hypothesis and Advice guardrails: Euler-system norm coherence is not full higher-rank Selmer control, and rank-2 numerics are reference-normalized diagnostics until advice-free channels and negative controls are supplied. Minor: Fixed German LaTeX labels and updated related self-references to Concept DOIs. Minor: Source-metadata cleanup after 2026-05-18 check: corrected the German LSZ/JEMS DOI and bibliographic data, synchronized RFEP/RH/IUT self-reference titles with current Zenodo records, added the IUT DOI, and replaced the old CRM version DOI by the current CRM concept DOI.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-05-18
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20270874
Primary Topic
Advanced Operator Algebra Research
Type
preprint
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preprint

The BSD Conjecture as a Positivity Normal-Form Theorem

Lukas Geiger
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Advanced Operator Algebra Research
preprint

The BSD Conjecture as a Positivity Normal-Form Theorem

Lukas Geiger
preprint en

Abstract

We reformulate the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture as a positivity normal-form characterisation. Four axioms (finite capacity, height positivity, controlled Iwasawa growth, Euler-system coherence) identify BSD as the expected canonical product form once explicit bridge hypotheses are supplied. For rank ≤ 1, this is a normal-form reading of the Gross–Zagier/Kolyvagin theorem package. For rank ≥ 2, Height Saturation is conditional: it names the missing higher Gross–Zagier height/cycle coupling and higher-rank Selmer/Kolyvagin/Sha control, but does not prove them. CHANGELOG Changes in Version 1.1 (March 2026) No substantive changes. Recompiled with latest cross-references. Changes in Version 1.2 (May 2026) Major: Added Post-Zookeeper higher-rank module framing and synchronized the German paper with the English Szpiro/theta bridge. Critical: Corrected the Szpiro/Tamagawa implication: unweighted control of Tamagawa product does not imply Szpiro without a prime-weighted local upgrade. Critical: Added bridge-hypothesis and Advice guardrails: Euler-system norm coherence is not full higher-rank Selmer control, and rank-2 numerics are reference-normalized diagnostics until advice-free channels and negative controls are supplied. Minor: Fixed German LaTeX labels and updated related self-references to Concept DOIs. Minor: Source-metadata cleanup after 2026-05-18 check: corrected the German LSZ/JEMS DOI and bibliographic data, synchronized RFEP/RH/IUT self-reference titles with current Zenodo records, added the IUT DOI, and replaced the old CRM version DOI by the current CRM concept DOI.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Oldham Council (GB)
Advanced Operator Algebra Research
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