Initial Development of Current Profound Applications of Relative Graphene Material (RGM)-Based Drug Delivery Systems

Graphene-based drug delivery systems and their derivatives (RGM-based DDSs) have emerged as a crucial platform in nanomedicine due to their high drug loading capacity, large specific surface area, and versatility in functionalization. This review focuses on clarifying key aspects, ranging from the classification and generation of DDSs to drug loading and release mechanisms. Additionally, the general drug loading and release mechanisms of DDSs are also pointed out, along with the advantages and disadvantages of carbon-based DDSs in general and RGM-based ones in particular. Finally, case studies in recent years with outstanding research in the application of RGM-based DDSs are also referenced and evaluated to track the achievements and limitations of these nanocarriers in the segment of new-generation smart drug delivery materials, in which biocompatibility, toxicity, and sustainability in manufacturing are highlighted at the moment. On these concepts, RGM-based DDSs are considered a promising research direction, providing a solid scientific foundation for the development of biomedicines and pharmaceuticals.