Recent advances in synthesis, structure, and properties of binary and ternary transition metal phosphides

Transition metal phosphides exhibit diverse crystal structures and intriguing physical properties, including superconductivity and magnetism. Despite extensive studies, obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the synthesis methods, structural variations, and emergent phenomena in binary and ternary phosphides remains an essential task. Here, we review recent progress in the synthesis, crystal structures, and physical properties of binary (e.g., Mo–P, Rh–P, Re–P, and Ir–P) and ternary (transition metal–transition metal–phosphorus, alkaline earth metal–transition metal–phosphorus, and rare earth element–transition metal–phosphorus) phosphides. Emphasis is placed on superconductivity, magnetism, and electronic structures, highlighting correlations between composition, structure, and properties. This synthesis of current knowledge provides insights into the design of novel phosphide materials and can guide future exploration of functional materials with tailored electronic and magnetic behaviors.