Analyzing drivers, barriers and lean outcomes of digital transformation in public higher education institutions

Purpose This study aims to develop a research model to analyze the relationship between digital transformation and lean thinking principles in the higher education sector. Specifically, this work seeks to explore the drivers, barriers and lean outcomes of digital transformation in public higher education institutions (HEIs) that implement digital initiatives to improve their operation. Design/methodology/approach A survey study was conducted using a structured questionnaire administered to the administrative staff of a HEI located in southern Brazil, yielding a final valid sample of 387 respondents. The main data analysis techniques employed included exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, discriminant validity and structural equation modeling. Findings The results highlight technological capability as a key driver of digital transformation, while the lack of political and senior management support and the resistance to innovation and change among employees are identified as barriers to digital transformation in HEIs. Furthermore, lean outcomes associated with digital transformation include reduction of errors and delays, continuous improvement, enhanced work performance and improved customer value (experience). Practical implications This research offers a conceptual model which was empirically validated in a HEI to illustrate the association of digital transformation and lean thinking principles. Our findings can be leveraged by HEIs' top management interested in the adoption of digital technologies to attain lean outcomes in their institutions and by policy makers to foster further technological development in the educational sector. Originality/value We narrow the relation of two prominent perspectives in the context of higher education. Our study shows that digital transformation is positively associated with lean thinking principles and directly contributes to modernizing administrative processes by reducing errors and waiting time, by enhancing organizational performance and by improving customers' value.