Application of a Smart Orthosis in the Treatment of Idiopathic Scoliosis—A Pilot Case Study

The increasing demand for personalized conservative treatment of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) highlights the need for objective and continuous monitoring of corrective forces during brace therapy. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and clinical relevance of a smart orthopedic brace equipped with integrated force sensors for long-term biomechanical assessment. Three female patients with different types of idiopathic scoliosis were treated using a custom-designed thoracolumbosacral orthosis incorporating four flexible pressure sensors, enabling real-time and long-term recording of corrective forces at key anatomical locations. Sensor data were analyzed in relation to brace-wearing adherence, patient activity, and radiological outcomes assessed using Cobb angle measurements. The results demonstrated substantial variability in force distribution and wearing patterns among patients, which was associated with differences in treatment effectiveness. Higher and more stable corrective forces near curve apices were generally accompanied by improved radiological outcomes, whereas irregular brace use and uneven pressure distribution limited therapeutic effects. Long-term monitoring enabled identification of insufficient correction zones and adherence issues. In conclusion, the proposed sensor-based orthotic system provides clinically relevant information on force distribution and brace use, supporting individualized therapy optimization. These findings indicate that smart braces can enhance clinical decision-making and contribute to more effective and personalized scoliosis management.