Service equity matrix for inclusive risk communication of extreme weather events
Abstract Warning services for extreme weather events remain unevenly accessible and actionable, particularly for historically underserved and socially vulnerable communities. We introduce the Service Equity Matrix (SEM), a conceptual framework integrating objective risk, perceived risk, and service quality to diagnose community-level communication gaps. The SEM enables risk communication tailored to the characteristics, hazards, and needs of each community, supporting targeted interventions, improving accountability, and advancing equitable preparedness for extreme weather events.
Authors
- Saeed Rokooei (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8543-653X)
- Mohammed Azhar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4852-4773)
- Kaveh Madani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0378-3170)
- rEZA kHANBILVARDI (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0321-0375)
- Julian Kelly
- Farshid Vahedifard
Institutions
- Tufts University (US)
- City College of New York (US)
- United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment, and Health (CA)
- Mississippi State University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- npj natural hazards.
- Published
- 2026-05-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s44304-026-00222-7
- Primary Topic
- Disaster Management and Resilience
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
- National Weather Service