Third-Degree Burn Management in Surgery

Third-degree (full-thickness) burns are severe injuries characterized by complete destruction of the epidermis and dermis, eliminating the intrinsic regenerative capacity of the skin and necessitating surgical intervention for definitive management. Contemporary treatment is based on early resuscitation, prompt excision of necrotic tissue, definitive wound coverage, and structured long-term rehabilitation. Early excision and split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) remain the gold standard, significantly reducing mortality, infection, and hospital stay. Advances in dermal substitutes and bioengineered skin have expanded reconstructive options in extensive burns. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to optimize survival, functional outcomes, and long-term quality of life.