Optimization of lattice-core sandwich panels for enhanced free-vibration behavior

Abstract The use of lattice structures in sandwich panel cores has garnered interest for their high stiffness-to-weight ratio and potential in lightweight applications. This study investigates the homogenization of body-centered cubic (BCC) lattice cores using a representative volume element (RVE) to derive equivalent mechanical properties. These RVE-derived properties are used to build a structural homogenized model, and they are compared to the vibrational behavior of the detailed 3D lattice model, focusing on natural frequency comparisons. The purpose of this homogenization approach is to represent the sandwich core more efficiently, enabling the investigation and optimization of the panel’s vibrational modes while reducing the computational cost associated with high-fidelity simulations. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is, then, used to optimize the BCC strut diameter, targeting selected structural natural frequencies. The optimization process refines the design by adjusting parameters within a selected frequency range and improving the considered frequencies. The optimization is extended to a dual-parameter approach, adjusting both strut diameter and cell height, yielding enhanced stiffness and frequency control. Results demonstrate that homogenization, combined with dual-parameter optimization, effectively improves the vibrational properties with substantial computational savings.