AI-PACE: a framework for integrating AI into medical education
Medical AI education remains fragmented, specialty-skewed, and lacks longitudinal structure, particularly for generalist physicians. Through an integrative review of 23 peer-reviewed articles (2016-2025), we identified three structural gaps: short-term interventions without reinforcement, procedural-field bias, and consistent under-representation of the Affective domain. We present AI-PACE (Psychomotor, Affective, Cognitive, Embedded), a Bloom's Taxonomy-grounded framework organizing AI competencies longitudinally across undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education.
Authors
- Karnjit Johl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2004-7223)
- Katherine K. Kim
- Nick Anderson
- Haibo Wang
- Scott P. McGrath
Institutions
- Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society (US)
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University (CN)
- University of California, Davis (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- npj Digital Medicine
- Published
- 2026-05-16
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02768-2
- Primary Topic
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Sun Yat-sen University
- National Institutes of Health
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences