AI-PACE: a framework for integrating AI into medical education

Medical AI education remains fragmented, specialty-skewed, and lacks longitudinal structure, particularly for generalist physicians. Through an integrative review of 23 peer-reviewed articles (2016-2025), we identified three structural gaps: short-term interventions without reinforcement, procedural-field bias, and consistent under-representation of the Affective domain. We present AI-PACE (Psychomotor, Affective, Cognitive, Embedded), a Bloom's Taxonomy-grounded framework organizing AI competencies longitudinally across undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education.

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Publication Details

Journal
npj Digital Medicine
Published
2026-05-16
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02768-2
Primary Topic
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

AI-PACE: a framework for integrating AI into medical education

Karnjit Johl, Katherine K. Kim, Nick Anderson, Haibo Wang et al.
npj Digital Medicine
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
article

AI-PACE: a framework for integrating AI into medical education

Karnjit Johl, Katherine K. Kim, Nick Anderson, Haibo Wang, Scott P. McGrath
article en

Abstract

Medical AI education remains fragmented, specialty-skewed, and lacks longitudinal structure, particularly for generalist physicians. Through an integrative review of 23 peer-reviewed articles (2016-2025), we identified three structural gaps: short-term interventions without reinforcement, procedural-field bias, and consistent under-representation of the Affective domain. We present AI-PACE (Psychomotor, Affective, Cognitive, Embedded), a Bloom's Taxonomy-grounded framework organizing AI competencies longitudinally across undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education.

npj Digital Medicine
Sun Yat-sen University (CN), Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society (US), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University (CN), University of California, Davis (US)
Sun Yat-sen University, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Quality Education
Openalex Percentile: Top 7%
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
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