IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON THE HYDROBIOLOGY OF ANCIENT SILK CITY PONDS: A CASE STUDY OF BHAGALPUR, BIHAR

Urban freshwater bodies in historical cities like Bhagalpur face significant ecological degradation due to rapid population growth and inadequate waste management. This study evaluates the hydrobiological status of two perennial ponds—Sahjangi and Bhairwa—situated in the heart of the "Silk City". Analysis of physico-chemical parameters and plankton density indicates a shift toward eutrophic conditions. Increased levels of average BOD (4.42 mg/l) and COD (5.80 mg/l) reflect a high organic load resulting from urban runoff and domestic discharge. The study highlights the urgent need for integrated pond management to preserve these vital urban ecosystems.