Acquired Angioedema—A Challenge in Medical Practice: A Narrative Review

Angioedema (AE) is a frequent symptom reported by dermatologists and allergists, as well as by general practitioners and physicians in other specialties. Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is an ultra-rare condition, whereas the majority of AE episodes in daily medical practice are secondary to an underlying condition or drug intake. This review discusses the most common causes of acquired angioedema, presents selected aspects of its pathogenesis in the context of available diagnostic tests, and provides an account of reports on possible management options. Acquired angioedema (AAE) poses an actual challenge both in terms of its diagnosis and management. Its variable etiology warrants a diagnostic approach aimed at the exclusion of underlying cancers, lympho- and myeloproliferative diseases, monoclonal gammopathies, as well as autoimmune and infectious conditions. Apart from its variable etiology, the management of AAE is further complicated by the lack of approved and standardized prophylaxis and treatment schemes. Therefore, an appropriate diagnostic approach is required for the efficient prevention of AAE symptoms and the detection of possible underlying pathologies.