Injectable Multifunctional <scp>CMCS</scp> / <scp>OPC</scp> / <scp>LZM</scp> Hydrogels: Non‐Covalent Fabrication and In Vitro Evaluation for Cutaneous Wound Repair

ABSTRACT In this study, CMCS/OPC/LZM hydrogels with varying lysozyme (LZM) concentrations were constructed via simple mixing of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), oligomeric proanthocyanidin (OPC), and LZM through non‐covalent self‐assembly, followed by evaluation of their physicochemical properties and biological functions. Characterization results showed all hydrogels featured a 3D porous network, shape adaptability, superhydrophilicity, self‐healing ability, rapid gelation, and good injectability, with self‐assembly mainly mediated by intermolecular hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. Among them, CMCS/OPC 4 /LZM 1 hydrogel exhibited the highest cell proliferation activity, significantly promoting the migration of fibroblasts and endothelial cells, as well as endothelial angiogenesis. Additionally, the CMCS/OPC 4 /LZM hydrogel series achieved an antibacterial rate of nearly 100% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus , possessed potent antioxidant activity, had a hemolysis rate of less than 5%, and showed superior hemostatic performance to traditional gauze. Collectively, these findings highlight the great application potential of CMCS/OPC 4 /LZM hydrogels in cutaneous wound repair.