Pneumomediastinum in the peripartum period: a case report

Introduction: Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema are rare complications that can occur during the peripartum period, with an approximate incidence of 1 in every 100,000 births.These conditions are commonly associated with prolonged labor and the performance of intense and sustained Valsalva maneuvers, which significantly increase intrathoracic pressure.Case report: Here, we present the case of an 18-year-old woman who, after a prolonged expulsive period, developed pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema.Although uncommon, such complications highlight the importance of carefully monitoring patients during labor and the postpartum period, especially when there are risk factors that may predispose them to these conditions.Conclusion: Early recognition and appropriate management are crucial to preventing additional complications and ensuring an optimal recovery for the patient.