Occupational therapists and artificial intelligence: The past, a disruptive present and the uncertainty ahead

BackgroundArtificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming multiple sectors, including healthcare, raising important questions about its implications for occupational therapy. As an evidence-based profession grounded in human interaction, clinical reasoning, and holistic practice, occupational therapy faces both opportunities and challenges in integrating AI into education, research, and clinical work.ObjectiveThis Sounding Board paper aims to reflect on the evolving relationship between occupational therapy and AI, and to explore how the profession can navigate emerging tensions while adapting to technological change.MethodsThis paper draws on reflective analysis informed by discussions and observations from the World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) Congress, hosted in Bangkok in February 2026, combined with professional experience and current perspectives on AI integration across key domains of occupational therapy practice.ResultsThree core areas are examined: (1) education and preparation of occupational therapy students, (2) implications for academics and researchers, and (3) clinical practice, service delivery, and policy advising. AI presents opportunities to enhance efficiency, accessibility, and decision-making processes. However, it also raises concerns regarding the development of foundational skills, professional judgement, research integrity, and potential over-reliance on automated systems. Across all domains, the importance of critical engagement, transparency in AI use, and the preservation of core professional values is emphasised.ConclusionsAI is reshaping how the profession is practised. A balanced approach that integrates AI as a supportive tool, while maintaining human-centred practice and professional identity, is essential. Occupational therapy must adapt proactively, ensuring that technological advancements contribute to improved outcomes and societal needs.