Multi-Agent Vision-Language Pipeline for Template-Agnostic Invoice Extraction and Validation

Traditional accounts payable systems remain dominated by template-based extraction tools that fail on new vendor layouts, by manual data entry whose error rate sits in the five-to-ten-per-cent range, and by approval cycles that routinely span twelve to fifteen days. We present a multi-agent invoice processing pipeline that addresses these limitations through three coordinated mechanisms. First, all agents -- document preprocessing, invoice extraction, validation, general-ledger and tax-code mapping, and a multi-agent supervisor -- are implemented as explicit LangGraph state machines with named nodes, conditional routing, and observable state. Second, invoice extraction is performed in a template-agnostic manner using multimodal Vision-Language Models operating under a strict, schema-bound prompt over more than one hundred structured fields. Third, validation combines structured business rules with sentence-embedding-based semantic matching to perform automated two-, three-, and N-way reconciliation against purchase orders and goods receipt notes. We describe the architecture, position it against the relevant literature in document understanding and agentic workflows, identify the design targets that follow from established industry baselines for manual accounts payable, and discuss the empirical evaluation that remains to be performed against a public benchmark.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-05-12
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20131341
Primary Topic
Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
Type
preprint
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
preprint

Multi-Agent Vision-Language Pipeline for Template-Agnostic Invoice Extraction and Validation

D. P. Gaikwad, Amaan Khan
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
preprint

Multi-Agent Vision-Language Pipeline for Template-Agnostic Invoice Extraction and Validation

D. P. Gaikwad, Amaan Khan
preprint en

Abstract

Traditional accounts payable systems remain dominated by template-based extraction tools that fail on new vendor layouts, by manual data entry whose error rate sits in the five-to-ten-per-cent range, and by approval cycles that routinely span twelve to fifteen days. We present a multi-agent invoice processing pipeline that addresses these limitations through three coordinated mechanisms. First, all agents -- document preprocessing, invoice extraction, validation, general-ledger and tax-code mapping, and a multi-agent supervisor -- are implemented as explicit LangGraph state machines with named nodes, conditional routing, and observable state. Second, invoice extraction is performed in a template-agnostic manner using multimodal Vision-Language Models operating under a strict, schema-bound prompt over more than one hundred structured fields. Third, validation combines structured business rules with sentence-embedding-based semantic matching to perform automated two-, three-, and N-way reconciliation against purchase orders and goods receipt notes. We describe the architecture, position it against the relevant literature in document understanding and agentic workflows, identify the design targets that follow from established industry baselines for manual accounts payable, and discuss the empirical evaluation that remains to be performed against a public benchmark.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Multimodal Machine Learning Applications
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.