Effects of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and bisphenol A‐glycidyl methacrylate on annexin A proteins in human mesangial cells

Dental resin monomers are widely used in restorative dentistry, yet their potential effects on kidney-related cell types remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) on protein expression and cytoskeletal regulatory pathways in human mesangial cells. A proteomic analysis demonstrated differential expression of multiple members of the annexin A protein family in treated human mesangial cells compared with vehicle-treated controls. These findings were validated by western blotting and densitometric analysis, which revealed reduced expression of annexin A proteins, including annexin A2 and annexin A5, following exposure to TEGDMA. To further explore the functional relevance of annexin A2, transient knockdown using small interfering RNA was performed. Reduction of annexin A2 expression using siRNA resulted in decreased levels of alpha-smooth muscle actin and non-muscle myosin proteins compared with cells transfected with non-targeting control RNA. Collectively, these results indicate that commonly used dental resin monomers may influence protein expression and cytoskeletal-associated pathways in human mesangial cells through alterations in annexin A protein expression. The findings highlight a previously underexplored cellular response to dental methacrylates and suggest potential implications for renal cell biology under controlled in vitro conditions.