Secukinumab Mitigates Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Enhances Cisplatin Cytotoxicity in MCF-7 Cells via IL-17A/NF-κB Axis Modulation

Objective: The existing work was designed to appraise whether Secukinumab diminishes acute kidney injury in a Cisplatin- induced rat model and to explore the potential underlying mechanisms for this protective effect. Methods: In vivo study, rats were distributed haphazardly into five sets (six animals in each group): control, Secukinumab control, Cisplatin (8 mg/kg, a single dose, intraperitoneally (IP)), and two pretreated groups; Secukinumab (10 and 20 mg/kg single subcutaneous (SC) injection) + Cisplatin. Blood samples and kidney tissues were gathered and analyzed histopathologically and biochemically. In vitro investigation, MCF-7 human breast cancer cells were treated with Cisplatin alone with Secukinumab, and cell viability (MTT assay), combination index, and apoptosis-related markers were analyzed. Results: Secukinumab administration lowered serum levels of BUN, creatinine and LDH with marked elevation in renal TAC and a significant reduction in MDA, iNOS, KIM-1 and NGAL compared to Cisplatin. Additionally, Secukinumab pre-treatment markedly suppressed the inflammatory process and enhanced autophagy, reflected by elevated AMPKα1, SIRT1, and Beclin-1, accompanied by reduced P38 MAPK and NF-κB p65 (Phospho-Ser536) levels and expression levels of IL-6 and P62/SQSTM1 in kidney tissues, contrasted with the Cisplatin group. Secukinumab administration effectively protected against kidney injury, and histopathological examinations of the kidneys confirmed these results. On the other hand, in vitro study results revealed that the combination of Cisplatin and Secukinumab had a synergistic cytotoxic effect and an enhancing effect on the apoptotic pathway (increased P53 and BAX and decreased BCL-2). Secukinumab effectively protects against Cisplatin- induced acute kidney injury by decreasing oxidative stress, inflammation, and enhancing autophagy. Additionally, it synergizes with Cisplatin in vitro to promote cancer cell apoptosis, highlighting its dual reno-protective and anticancer potential.