Psychosocial Adjustment of Institutionalised Children: A Thematic Analysis of Caregiver Perspectives in Delhi

Background A substantial proportion of institutionalised children come from environments marked by exploitation, parental death or incapacity, and unstable housing. Prior research indicates that early life trauma and institutionalisation adversely affect emotional regulation and psychosocial adjustment. Purpose This study examines how trauma, institutional environments in Indian child care settings, and the absence of stable familial support influence children’s psychosocial development and their preparedness for life outside institutional care. Methods A qualitative design was adopted. Five caregivers from a boys’ child care institution in Jahangirpuri, Delhi—serving as Child Protection Officer, counsellor, housefather, and other roles—were interviewed. Data were analysed using thematic analysis as outlined by Clarke and Braun. Results Caregivers reported persistent challenges among children, including verbal and physical aggression, low academic motivation, and difficulties in emotional regulation and forming social relationships. These findings reflect the compounded effects of trauma and institutional living conditions. Conclusion The study underscores the significant impact of trauma and institutionalisation on psychosocial development. It highlights the need for trauma-informed care and strengthened support systems to improve developmental outcomes and facilitate successful reintegration into society.