Revised Solvent Rule Unlocks Non‐Conventional Solvents for Na <sup>+</sup> ‐Solvent Co‐Intercalation in Graphite

-solvent complexes at the graphite electrode and their regeneration at the counter electrode leads to a net cancellation of solvation energy in coupled electrode systems, thereby decoupling solvation power from co-intercalation feasibility. To validate this decoupling, we designed a fluorinated ether with deliberately attenuated solvating power but high reductive stability, as a proof-of-concept solvent. Successful co-intercalation was observed with this weakly solvating fluorinated ether, whereas typical carbonate solvents with superior solvation capability failed due to reductive decomposition above the intercalation threshold, confirming that solvation strength is not the determining factor. Leveraging this insight, we further designed and identified aminated ethers as a previously unexplored subclass of ethers capable of co-intercalation. This work revises the empirical dual-factor rule and eliminates solvation capability as a constraint, which broadens the range of viable solvents for graphite-based sodium-ion batteries.

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Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Materials
Published
2026-05-12
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202521350
Primary Topic
Advancements in Battery Materials
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Revised Solvent Rule Unlocks Non‐Conventional Solvents for Na + ‐Solvent Co‐Intercalation in Graphite

Jiaping Niu, Junyuan Dong, Guoli Lu, Yuchen Zhang et al.
Advanced Materials
Advancements in Battery Materials
article

Revised Solvent Rule Unlocks Non‐Conventional Solvents for Na + ‐Solvent Co‐Intercalation in Graphite

Jiaping Niu, Junyuan Dong, Guoli Lu, Yuchen Zhang, Zheng Chen, Jingwen Zhao, Xiaofan Du, Guanglei Cui, Yuanyuan Yang, Lin Chen, Yue Zhang
article en

Abstract

-solvent complexes at the graphite electrode and their regeneration at the counter electrode leads to a net cancellation of solvation energy in coupled electrode systems, thereby decoupling solvation power from co-intercalation feasibility. To validate this decoupling, we designed a fluorinated ether with deliberately attenuated solvating power but high reductive stability, as a proof-of-concept solvent. Successful co-intercalation was observed with this weakly solvating fluorinated ether, whereas typical carbonate solvents with superior solvation capability failed due to reductive decomposition above the intercalation threshold, confirming that solvation strength is not the determining factor. Leveraging this insight, we further designed and identified aminated ethers as a previously unexplored subclass of ethers capable of co-intercalation. This work revises the empirical dual-factor rule and eliminates solvation capability as a constraint, which broadens the range of viable solvents for graphite-based sodium-ion batteries.

Advanced Materials
Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology (CN), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), Ocean University of China (CN)
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 8%
Advancements in Battery Materials
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Revised Solvent Rule Unlocks Non‐Conventional Solvents for Na <sup>+</sup> ‐Solvent Co‐Intercalation in Graphite — Jiaping Niu, Junyuan Dong, et al. · Advanced Materials (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS