Drinking Habit Could Exacerbate the Progression of Presbyopia in Men

Purpose: Presbyopia is strongly dependent on age and progresses throughout life, yet the influence of lifestyle factors has not been fully determined. The aim of this study was to assess the association between presbyopia and common lifestyle factors in relation to a detailed ophthalmological evaluation. Methods: The near add power of 6258 individuals aged 40 to 79 years was measured, and its association with lifestyle factors was examined. Odds ratios for specific near add power levels were calculated, and regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationships between near add power, lifestyle, and ocular parameters. Results: Logistic regression analyses showed that that male sex, drinking habit, myopic spherical equivalent, astigmatic errors, and a thin ganglion cell complex were common significant risk factors associated with near add power levels of 1.50 D and 2.50 D. Smoking status, HbA1c levels, and the presence of diabetic retinopathy were not significant factors. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that men reached the end point (+1.50 D) significantly earlier than women ( P < 0.01), and male drinkers reached the end point (+2.50 D) significantly earlier than male non-drinkers ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The association between lifestyle factors and near add power was analyzed, identifying drinking habit and male sex as significant contributors. These findings complement previous investigations and may be useful in healthcare education to highlight the detrimental effects of alcohol consumption on ocular health. Keywords: presbyopia, near add power, near vision, drinking, smoking, lifestyle