Advancements on Chalcogen‐Doped Luminescent Carbon Dots Toward Environmental Pollutants Detection

ABSTRACT Carbon dots (CDs) are a highly versatile group of carbon‐based nanomaterials that have gained significant attention due to their unique physicochemical properties, high biocompatibility, excellent photoluminescence capability, low cost, and environmentally friendliness. The properties of the CDs can also be modified by tuning different surface functional moieties (viz ─OH, ─NH 2 , ─COOH) present on CDs. The unique attribution of CDs can be further enhanced through the introduction of heteroatoms via doping. Researchers have designed a range of techniques to enable the doping of CDs with various non‐metal atoms. This review provides a detailed overview of recent developments in non‐metal chalcogen doped and co‐doped CDs, incorporating heteroatoms, like sulfur, selenium, and tellurium. It highlights their synthesis process, reaction parameters, optical properties, and photoluminescence based sensing applications, with particular emphasis on the underlying sensing mechanisms.