Healthcare providers’ perceptions of fibromyalgia management in Kuwait: a descriptive comparative study

BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex chronic pain condition that poses diagnostic and management challenges worldwide. In Kuwait, limited awareness, cultural perceptions, and systemic barriers may affect the quality of FM care. This study examined healthcare practitioners' perceptions, diagnostic strategies, and management approaches to identify gaps in rehabilitation services. METHODS: A descriptive comparative study was conducted among 112 healthcare practitioners from public and private sectors. Data was collected using a survey instrument adapted from existing sources and validated within the present study to assess perceptions, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and barriers to FM management. Descriptive statistics and Pearson chi-square tests were used to assess associations between demographics, training, specialization, and clinical decision-making. RESULTS: Of the participants, 35.7% reported experience treating FM. Most were rehabilitation professionals (60.7%), female (82.1%), and trained in Kuwait (81.3%). Significant differences in FM management were found based on education, specialization, and years of experience (p < 0.05). Practitioners demonstrated variable confidence in diagnosing and treating FM, with reliance on traditional diagnostic criteria despite international updates. Notable gaps were observed in rehabilitation services, multidisciplinary collaboration, and adherence to evidence-based guidelines. CONCLUSION: FM care in Kuwait is limited by educational gaps, inconsistent diagnostic practices, and insufficient multidisciplinary collaboration. Strengthening continuous education, adopting updated guidelines, and enhancing coordination between physicians, rehabilitation specialists, and mental health professionals are essential. System-wide interventions could improve FM diagnosis, management, and patient outcomes. Future research should involve larger, longitudinal studies to address evolving challenges in FM care.