Aeroallergen Sensitization Status in West China from 2024 to 2025

Background/Objectives: There is an abundance of evidence to support the associations of allergic sensitization with asthma. Reducing exposure to allergens can help prevent the progression of asthma. Given the significant regional variations in allergen distribution patterns, our objective was to characterize the sensitization patterns of common childhood aeroallergens in a large, hospital-based pediatric cohort from West China through epidemiological surveys, thereby providing region-specific key data to guide the development of targeted prevention strategies and clinical management protocols. Methods: We analyzed data from 30,565 multiple allergosorbent tests collected by our hospital from 2024 to 2025. We additionally collected sex and age. If the level of an aeroallergen was 0.35 IU/mL or more, the test result for that aeroallergen was defined as positive, and positive cases were defined as those where one aeroallergen was positive. The positive rates for aeroallergens were calculated using the total number of tested children in each category (such as season, gender or age group). Results: A total of 30,565 children in West China were surveyed, with an overall allergen sIgE positive rate of 37.7%. Autumn had the highest positive rate (41.2%), which was significantly higher than those of the other seasons (p < 0.01). Indoor allergens had higher positive rates than outdoor ones. The top indoor allergens were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (30.18%), Dermatophagoides farinae (27.13%), and house dust (22.99%); the top outdoor allergens were Cupressus (10.22%), Betula platyphylla (5.01%), and Sycamore (4.24%). The positive rate increased with age: 18.49% in infants and toddlers, 38.58% in preschool children, and 45.96% in school-aged children (all p < 0.01). Males (39.76%) had a higher total positive rate than females (34.90%) (p < 0.01), with significant gender differences in five allergens, including Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, house dust, Alternaria, and Sycamore. Conclusions: This study provides detailed epidemiological data on aeroallergen sensitization patterns among children, including seasonal, age-related, and sex-related differences. These findings may help inform region-specific preventive strategies and guide future research on allergen avoidance.