Memory integration deficits in adults with ADHD: An investigation using an associative inference task [registered report - stage I]

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with impairments in attentional control and episodic memory processes that may influence how individuals integrate information across experiences. The present study will examine whether adults with ADHD demonstrate reduced memory integration abilities compared to neurotypical controls. Participants (N = 140; 70 adults diagnosed with ADHD and 70 neurotypical controls) will complete a computerized Paired Associative Inference task. During the task, participants will encode overlapping associations (e.g., A-B, B-C), which will later support inferences about indirect relationships (e.g., A-C). Accuracy and response time will be measured for both directly learned and inference-based trials. We hypothesize that adults with ADHD will demonstrate significantly lower accuracy and slower response times on inference trials, reflecting impaired memory integration. We also expect group differences on directly learned trials, consistent with broader episodic memory challenges in ADHD. Findings from this study will offer novel insight into the cognitive mechanisms underlying flexible memory use in adult ADHD and help guide the development of targeted strategies to support learning and decision-making.