A Maximum Unit of Action for a Finite Universe

This paper explores the consequences of assuming a finite universe and proposes that global finiteness may require a fundamental upper bound on physical action. Modern physics recognises a foundational minimum through the Planck constant, yet no corresponding maximum is currently defined. The paper introduces the Helos constant as a conceptual maximum unit of action, defined algebraically through a scaling relation between the Planck scale and the cosmic limit. The framework is intentionally conceptual in scope and does not attempt a complete physical derivation. Instead, it examines whether a finite universe may naturally require global constraints absent from many current formulations, and whether such constraints may offer a useful perspective on infinities, entropy bounds, and large number relations in physical law.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-05-11
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20125899
Primary Topic
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
Type
preprint
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preprint

A Maximum Unit of Action for a Finite Universe

Paul Steven Wheeldon
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
preprint

A Maximum Unit of Action for a Finite Universe

Paul Steven Wheeldon
preprint en

Abstract

This paper explores the consequences of assuming a finite universe and proposes that global finiteness may require a fundamental upper bound on physical action. Modern physics recognises a foundational minimum through the Planck constant, yet no corresponding maximum is currently defined. The paper introduces the Helos constant as a conceptual maximum unit of action, defined algebraically through a scaling relation between the Planck scale and the cosmic limit. The framework is intentionally conceptual in scope and does not attempt a complete physical derivation. Instead, it examines whether a finite universe may naturally require global constraints absent from many current formulations, and whether such constraints may offer a useful perspective on infinities, entropy bounds, and large number relations in physical law.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Peace, Justice and strong institutions
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
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