Home-based exercise training in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A 12-month intervention study

PurposeDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive X-linked neuromuscular disorder that reduces physical activity (PA) levels and leads to early loss of ambulation. The World Health Organization recommends promoting daily PA for children with disabilities. The primary aim of this study was to assess changes in PA level, physical function, and quality of life (QoL) after one year of a home-based exercise program in boys with DMD. Secondarily, it aimed to evaluate the suitability and safety of the exercise program for this patient group.MethodsIn this prospective longitudinal intervention study, 12 boys with DMD (ambulatory and non-ambulatory) participated in an individually tailored program combining strength and endurance training three times per week for one year. Another 11 boys with DMD served as a non-intervention comparison group. PA-levels were monitored using accelerometery. Secondary outcomes included upper-limb function, lung function, grip strength, endurance, and health-related QoL.ResultsLight and moderate-to-vigorous PA-levels increased in the intervention group but declined in the non-intervention group. Sedentary time increased in both groups. No adverse events were related to the intervention. While upper-limb function declined, other measures remained stable, with a small improvement in QoL.ConclusionHome-based, moderate-intensity exercise appears to be beneficial and safe, and may sustain PA-levels, functional abilities, and QoL in boys with DMD.