Stabilizer entanglement enhances magic injection
Non-stabilizerness is a key resource for fault-tolerant quantum computation, yet its interplay with entanglement in dynamical settings remains underexplored. We address this by analyzing a well-controlled, analytically tractable setup, where we show that entanglement acts as a conduit that teleports magic across the system, thereby enhancing magic injection. Using exact calculations, we prove that when a Haar-random unitary UA is applied to a subsystem A of an entangled stabilizer state, the total injected magic increases with the amount of entanglement between A and its complement. More generally, for any unitary UA, we show that this enhancement is maximized when A is maximally entangled with its complement, in which case the total injected magic is exactly given by the unitary stabilizer Rényi entropy we introduce. This quantity provides both a directly computable measure of unitary magic and a lower bound on the minimum number of T gates required to synthesize UA. In particular, we show that the linear unitary stabilizer entropy gives a better estimate for the nonstabilizer content produced by UA than the previously proposed notion of nonstabilizing power. We further extend our analysis to tripartite stabilizer entanglement, non-stabilizer entanglement, and magic injection via shallow-depth brickwork circuits, finding that the qualitative picture remains unchanged.
Authors
- ChunJun Cao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5761-5474)
- Z. L. Hou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7189-367X)
- Zhi-Cheng Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1985-9347)
Institutions
- Peking University (CN)
- Virginia Tech (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- npj Quantum Information
- Published
- 2026-05-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01265-4
- Primary Topic
- Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China