Wearable biofluids colorimetric biosensors

Abstract Wearable and flexible colorimetric biosensors are emerging as powerful platforms for real‐time, non‐invasive health monitoring and point‐of‐care or potential continuous diagnostics. These systems rely on visible color changes to signal the presence of target analytes, enabling intuitive, instrument‐free readouts that can be interpreted visually. Advances in sensing materials, including noble metal nanoparticles, enzymes, enzyme mimics, organic dyes, and responsive polymers, have greatly expanded the range of detectable biomarkers. The developments in platform technologies such as paper‐based microfluidics, polymer films and textiles can provide versatility, comfort, and seamless wearable devices into daily life to achieve personal health management. Despite this rapid progress, challenges remain as sensitivity and specificity improvement in complex biofluids, stable and scalable manufacturing. This review summarizes the state‐of‐the‐art wearable colorimetric biosensors (WCBs), highlights recent innovations in materials and device engineering, and discusses future directions, particularly the integration of artificial intelligence‐assisted data analysis for enhanced quantitative accuracy and microfluidic system design for precise fluid handling and multiplexed detection. Addressing these challenges and advancing intelligent system integration will be essential to translate WCBs into clinically reliable and socially impactful healthcare solutions.