Measurement of the top quark pair production cross section in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 5.36 TeV

The inclusive cross section for top quark pair ($t\bar{t}$) production in lead-lead (PbPb) collisions is reported for the first time at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.36\TeV. The analysis uses data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.58 $nb^{-1}$ collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2023. The $t\bar{t}$ production cross section, $\sigma_{t\bar{t}}=3.42^{+0.54}_{-0.51}(stat)^{+0.50}_{-0.43}(syst)~{\mu b}$, is measured in dilepton final states using a fit to a multivariate discriminator that combines the decay electron and muon kinematic properties with the multiplicity of bottom quark jets. The result is consistent with perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) accuracy employing several nuclear parton distribution functions. In addition, the Drell--Yan production cross section ($\sigma_\text{DY}$) for dilepton masses above 10 GeV and the ratio of $t\bar{t}$ to DY cross sections ($R_{t\bar{t}/DY}$) are found to be compatible with the NNLO predictions. The observables $\sigma_{t\bar{t}}$, $\sigma_\text{DY}$, and $R_{t\bar{t}/DY}$ are measured separately for central and semicentral PbPb collisions to investigate for the first time the dependence of top quark production on the collision impact parameter.