Folic acid-modified antigen-trapping nanoprobes for developing in situ tumor vaccines to inhibit metastasis and recurrence of ovarian cancer

) effectively captures and aggregates the released antigens, facilitating their recognition and presentation by dendritic cells. The combination of exogenous cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) and dsDNA synergistically amplifies the activation of STING signaling pathways, leading to a remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment and an enhancement of the anti-tumor immune response. In ovarian tumor models, AGO@FA-lip-mediated chemoimmunotherapy significantly inhibited tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence, ultimately prolonging survival in mice. Transcriptomic analysis revealed extensive immune activation, particularly in pathways associated with antigen processing and presentation, T cell differentiation, and TNF inflammatory signaling. The design concept of AGO@FA-lip provides a clinically scalable strategy for developing in situ tumor vaccines to inhibit the metastasis and recurrence of ovarian cancer.