High‐Sensitivity Photonic Crystal Fiber SPR Sensor for Chemical Detection

ABSTRACT A highly sensitive photonic crystal fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor has been developed for chemical detection applications through comprehensive numerical analysis and optimization. The sensor architecture incorporates strategically designed elliptical air holes and a thin gold layer to enhance birefringence and improve plasmonic coupling efficiency. Systematic parameter optimization reveals optimal performance at gold thickness large air hole diameter small air hole diameter and pitch distance with elliptical geometry parameters of major axis and m minor axis. The sensor demonstrates exceptional wavelength sensitivity of and amplitude sensitivity of alongside enhanced resolution of for chemical compound discrimination. These performance metrics represent significant advancements over existing sensor designs, particularly for ethyl acetate and hexane detection applications. The compact design and superior sensing capabilities make this platform highly suitable for environmental monitoring, industrial process control, and chemical safety applications requiring precise refractive index measurements. The research establishes a new benchmark for photonic crystal fiber surface plasmon resonance sensors and provides a framework for future development of high‐performance chemical detection systems.