Simulation Study of <i>Candida rugosa</i> Lipase Adsorption on Self-Assembled Monolayers

-SAM surface exhibits strong adsorption intensity of CRL, and the enlargement of the active site entrance at low surface charge density may further promote its catalytic efficiency. Furthermore, the overall native conformation of CRL is well preserved upon adsorption. This study provides molecular-level insights into the controlled adsorption of CRL on charged surfaces and offers theoretical guidance for the rational design of lipase-immobilization carriers.