CUBOSOMES: COMPREHENSIVE INSIGHTS INTO LIPID-BASED NANOCARRIERS FOR ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Advanced lipid-based nanocarriers known as cubosomes have a special bicontinuous cubic liquid crystalline structure that facilitates the encapsulation of hydrophilic, hydrophobic, or amphiphilic medicines. These nanoparticles, which typically range in size from 100 to 500 nm, are primarily composed of amphiphilic lipids, such as phytantriol and glycerol monooleate, together with the appropriate stabilisers. Better bioavailability, regulated and prolonged release, a high drug loading capacity, and improved permeability across biological membranes are just a few of the advantages cubosomes offer for drug administration. Their physicochemical characteristics and efficacy as medications are influenced by several manufacturing techniques, including top-down and bottom-up approaches, high-pressure homogenisation, and ultrasonication. Additionally, zeta potential analysis, transmission electronmicroscopy, and dynamic light scattering are crucial methods for assessing their structural integrity and stability. Cubosomes have demonstrated promise in the treatment of cancer, the production of cosmetics, and the delivery of medications via the mouth, skin, eyes, and brain. Despite their advantages, there are still issues including high viscosity, scalability issues, and stability concerns. In terms of targeted and customised therapies, cubosomes hold great potential as a platform for novel drug delivery systems.