Key Considerations in Bioethics from a Cultural Perspective

This article critically examines the conceptual, historical, and epistemological foundations of bioethics as a transdisciplinary field that emerged in response to the ethical tensions produced by technoscientific development. Through an analytical and interpretative approach, the paper revisits the historical events that shaped modern bioethics and the contemporary challenges that arise from the expansion of biomedical and technological interventions. The analysis highlights persistent dilemmas involving autonomy, paternalism, vulnerability, and intercultural asymmetries, as well as the ethical impact of technoscience on the reconfiguration of life, death, and human nature. The article argues for a pluralistic and adaptive bioethics capable of sustaining epistemic vigilance and guiding decision-making processes in diverse and complex sociocultural contexts.