A Noninvasive Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Early Detection of Basal Cell Carcinoma

We proposed a novel noninvasive surface plasmon resonance (SPR)‐based sensor with enhanced sensitivity for the early detection of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The proposed sensor was utilized with a chalcogenide (2S2G) prism‐assisted Kretschmann configuration combined with a multilayer structure consisting of successive layers of gold, graphene, silver, silver gratings, MXene, and a sensing medium. The unique incorporation of metallic gratings and the MXene layer enhanced plasmonic field confinement and sharpened the resonance characteristics, thereby improving the overall sensing performance compared to conventional SPR‐based sensors. The sensor performance was analyzed using the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) technique at a wavelength of 633 nm, incorporating periodic boundary conditions and anisotropic perfectly matched layers. To achieve optimal performance, the thicknesses of the individual sensor layers were systematically varied, and the efficiency was evaluated using key sensing metrics. The optimized sensor demonstrated a high angular sensitivity of , a narrow full width at half maximum of , a detection accuracy of , and a figure of merit of . The simulation results confirmed a significant improvement in sensing performance compared to recently reported SPR‐based cancer detection sensors. Owing to its high sensitivity, favorable optical characteristics, and noninvasive operation, the proposed sensor was shown to be a promising candidate for early‐stage BCC detection.