Pathya-Apathya in Atisara: A Literary Review with Special Reference to Yogaratnakara

Introduction: Atisara, often correlated with diarrhoea in contemporary medicine, is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by frequent passage of watery stools due to vitiation of doshas and digestive impairment. In Ayurveda, Atisara is classified under the Ashtamahagada and arises primarily from Agnimandya and Amadosha triggered by improper Ahara and Vihara. Hence, regulation of diet and lifestyle through Pathya Apathya forms a fundamental component of its management. Methods: The present study is based on a literary review of Yogaratnakara, Purvardha- Atisara Nidana Adhyaya, from which relevant references and data were systematically collected and analysed. Result: The review revealed that Atisara primarily develops due to Agnimandya and Ama formation resulting from Apathya Ahara and Vihara. Pathya Ahara such as Laghu, Grahi, and Deepana food substances aid in restoring digestive fire, reducing stool frequency, and improving intestinal absorption. Conversely, Guru, Snigdha, Sheeta, Abhishyandi, and Viruddha Ahara were identified as Apathya, aggravating Doshas and worsening the disease condition. Appropriate Vihara practices were found to support recovery by preventing further Dosha vitiation. Discussion: Pathya Apathya acts not only as a supportive measure but also as a primary therapeutic modality in Atisara. By correcting the underlying digestive dysfunction, dietary regulation helps break the disease pathogenesis and reduces dependency on pharmacological interventions. The Ayurvedic dietary approach shows conceptual similarity to modern dietary management of diarrhoea, emphasizing easily digestible and gut-protective foods. Conclusion: Pathya Apathya constitutes a vital and effective Ayurvedic approach in the management of Atisara. Its judicious application helps restore Agni, normalize bowel function, and prevent recurrence.