Ladder‐Like Polysilsesquioxane Enable Space‐Durable Ultrathin Hard‐Yet‐Flexible Transparent Coatings

Transparent protective coatings are essential for polymer film-based space deployable systems; however, simultaneously achieving abrasion resistance, mechanical compliance, space-environment durability, and ultrathin thickness remains challenging. Here, we develop a cooperative hydrolysis-condensation strategy using organic polysilazane (OPZ) and bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amine (BTMSPA) to enable the controlled in situ formation of a network dominated by ladder-like polysilsesquioxane (LPSQ) from a homogeneous hybrid precursor under mild humidity. The secondary amine of BTMSPA provides a weakly alkaline environment that sustains continuous hydrolysis of Si─N and Si─H bonds in OPZ, generating reactive silanol species. Meanwhile, co-condensation between OPZ and BTMSPA regulates the condensation kinetics, suppressing the rapid formation of disordered siloxane networks in BTMSPA-only systems and promoting the gradual ladder-like growth. The resulting ultrathin (∼2 µm) coatings integrate LPSQ backbones with deformable organic linkages, delivering a rare combination of high hardness (∼0.73 GPa), strong elastic recoverability (∼80%), high optical transparency (∼94.1%), and robust adhesion to polymer substrates, while maintaining stability under space-relevant thermal, radiative, and atomic oxygen (AO) stressors. Beyond this specific material system, we establish a molecular-level design principle in which cooperative hydrolysis-condensation enables the joint control of reaction kinetics and network topology to balance hardness, deformability, and environmental durability in ultrathin coatings.

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Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Materials
Published
2026-05-11
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.73354
Primary Topic
Silicone and Siloxane Chemistry
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Ladder‐Like Polysilsesquioxane Enable Space‐Durable Ultrathin Hard‐Yet‐Flexible Transparent Coatings

Wenyue Wang, Zong‐Bo Zhang, Kai-Xuan Li, Cai‐Hong Xu et al.
Advanced Materials
Silicone and Siloxane Chemistry
article

Ladder‐Like Polysilsesquioxane Enable Space‐Durable Ultrathin Hard‐Yet‐Flexible Transparent Coatings

Wenyue Wang, Zong‐Bo Zhang, Kai-Xuan Li, Cai‐Hong Xu, Ding‐Yu Hou, Ning Zhao, Yun‐Yu Liu, Jian Jiang
article en

Abstract

Transparent protective coatings are essential for polymer film-based space deployable systems; however, simultaneously achieving abrasion resistance, mechanical compliance, space-environment durability, and ultrathin thickness remains challenging. Here, we develop a cooperative hydrolysis-condensation strategy using organic polysilazane (OPZ) and bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amine (BTMSPA) to enable the controlled in situ formation of a network dominated by ladder-like polysilsesquioxane (LPSQ) from a homogeneous hybrid precursor under mild humidity. The secondary amine of BTMSPA provides a weakly alkaline environment that sustains continuous hydrolysis of Si─N and Si─H bonds in OPZ, generating reactive silanol species. Meanwhile, co-condensation between OPZ and BTMSPA regulates the condensation kinetics, suppressing the rapid formation of disordered siloxane networks in BTMSPA-only systems and promoting the gradual ladder-like growth. The resulting ultrathin (∼2 µm) coatings integrate LPSQ backbones with deformable organic linkages, delivering a rare combination of high hardness (∼0.73 GPa), strong elastic recoverability (∼80%), high optical transparency (∼94.1%), and robust adhesion to polymer substrates, while maintaining stability under space-relevant thermal, radiative, and atomic oxygen (AO) stressors. Beyond this specific material system, we establish a molecular-level design principle in which cooperative hydrolysis-condensation enables the joint control of reaction kinetics and network topology to balance hardness, deformability, and environmental durability in ultrathin coatings.

Advanced Materials
National University of Singapore (SG), Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (CN), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry (CN), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Life in Land
Openalex Percentile: Top 12%
Silicone and Siloxane Chemistry
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