Epidemiological Profile of Chronic Kidney Disease in Young Subjects Aged 15 to 45 Years in the Point G University Teaching Hospital

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a progressive and irreversible loss of functional nephron mass. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological profile of CKD among young individuals aged 15 to 45 years in the Nephrology and Hemodialysis Department of Point G University Teaching Hospital. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive cross-sectional study involving 192 hospitalization records collected in the Nephrology and Hemodialysis Department of Point G University Teaching Hospital from January 1 to December 31, 2024. Socio-demographic characteristics, frequencies, and univariate analysis were performed using SPSS version 25. Results: A total of 750 patients were included, among whom 192 had CKD, corresponding to a prevalence of 25.6%, with a sex ratio of 0.84 in favor of females. The age group 36–45 years represented 46.9% of cases, and the mean age was 32.37 ± 8.98 years (range: 15–45 years). Hypertension was the most common underlying condition (67.7%). Uremic symptoms were diverse but predominantly included vomiting (72.4%), dizziness (63%), headache (62.5%), and anorexia (43.7%). The mean serum creatinine level was 1649.23 µmol/L. CKD was at end-stage in 97.4% of cases. Vascular nephropathy was the leading cause (28.6%). Outcomes were favorable in 22.4% of cases, and deaths were not related to the initial nephropathy. Conclusion: Management should focus on early stages, mainly through prompt diagnosis and treatment of common causes of CKD.