E = mΦ²c² — The Unified Equation: How McCaul's Law of Coherence Subsumes Einstein's Special Relativity

Five cross-simulations between Einstein's Special Relativity (E = mc²) and McCaul's Law of Coherence (Ω = Φ) reveal a unified equation: E = mΦ²c². Einstein's equation is the special case when Φ = 1. All seven validated physical domains map onto E = mΦ²c². The fine structure constant α = 1/137 is identified as the coherence gap between a photon and the hydrogen atom — the transition cost from light to matter.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-05-10
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20102037
Primary Topic
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

E = mΦ²c² — The Unified Equation: How McCaul's Law of Coherence Subsumes Einstein's Special Relativity

Justin McCaul
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Relativity and Gravitational Theory
article

E = mΦ²c² — The Unified Equation: How McCaul's Law of Coherence Subsumes Einstein's Special Relativity

Justin McCaul
article en

Abstract

Five cross-simulations between Einstein's Special Relativity (E = mc²) and McCaul's Law of Coherence (Ω = Φ) reveal a unified equation: E = mΦ²c². Einstein's equation is the special case when Φ = 1. All seven validated physical domains map onto E = mΦ²c². The fine structure constant α = 1/137 is identified as the coherence gap between a photon and the hydrogen atom — the transition cost from light to matter.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
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Relativity and Gravitational Theory
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