VIBRATIONS OF PIPELINES IN CONTACT WITH A MEDIUM

This article examines the vibration processes of pipelines that are in contact with a surrounding or internal medium. Pipeline systems are widely used in oil and gas engineering, chemical technology, water supply, thermal power plants, irrigation systems, and many other branches of industry. During operation, pipelines are affected not only by static loads but also by dynamic forces caused by fluid or gas flow, pressure pulsations, hydraulic shocks, soil or water resistance, temperature variation, and the periodic action of pumps and compressors. These factors may generate free, forced, flow-induced, and resonant vibrations. If such vibrations are not properly predicted and controlled, they can cause fatigue damage, cracks in welded joints, loosening of supports, leakage, and serious accidents. The article discusses the physical nature of pipeline vibrations, the mechanism of interaction between a pipe and a medium, basic mathematical models, resonance risks, and engineering methods for reducing vibration amplitudes.