Physicians' awareness of non-pharmacological therapies for insomnia in the Czech Republic.

AIM: To assess general practitioners' (GP) awareness, attitudes, and practices related to non-pharmacological treatments for insomnia. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between January and June 2024 among 100 general practitioners across urban and rural regions of the Czech Republic. The questionnaire assessed GPs' awareness, attitudes, and practices related to non-pharmacological treatments for insomnia. RESULTS: Most GPs (85%) reported using non-pharmacological approaches as the initial treatment, primarily sleep hygiene education (64%). Only 28% were familiar with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia, and fewer used structured diagnostic tools such as sleep diaries or validated scales. Hypnotics overuse was reported by 81% of respondents. Urban GPs were more likely to refer patients to sleep specialists and showed greater confidence in non-drug management. Patient interest in non-pharmacological therapies was moderate (31%), and adherence was influenced by the quality of the doctor-patient relationship. CONCLUSION: While Czech GPs are aware of non-pharmacological treatment options for insomnia, actual implementation - especially of CBT-I and diagnostic tools - is limited. Targeted training and better access to behavioral treatment resources could improve insomnia management in primary care and reduce reliance on pharmacological interventions.