Reconceptualizing Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Sheets: From Delivery Tool to Models of Morphogenesis

model of connective tissue regeneration opens new research avenues extending beyond its therapeutic applications. This review summarizes the key milestones in the development of MSC-derived cell sheet technology, identifies major challenges and conceptual inconsistencies, and discusses the potential of studying these constructs as autonomous biological systems. The integration of mechanobiology, spatial omics technologies, and tissue engineering approaches may help reconceptualize MSC-based cell sheets both as tools for translational therapy and as a fundamental model for studying self-organizing regenerative processes.