Bacteriocins from <i>Bifidobacterium</i> : Biosynthesis, Antimicrobial Mechanisms, and Strategies for Enhanced Production

-associated bacteriocins, covering their structural features, physicochemical properties, biosynthetic pathways, and antimicrobial mechanisms, including membrane disruption and metabolic interference. To address production bottlenecks such as low yield and purification difficulties, this paper systematically evaluates the applicability and limitations of key strategies, including chemoenzymatic synthesis, high-density cultivation, quorum-sensing regulation, and heterologous expression. Additionally, the safety of these bacteriocins was evaluated, along with their primary application strategies and prospects for industrialization in food preservation. Together, this review provides a systematic scientific basis and future research directions for the further development of these natural bacteriocins in food preservation.