Role of computed tomography urography in evaluating urinary tract abnormalities: An observational study

Objectives: This observational study aimed to assess the diagnostic utility of computed tomography urography (CTU) in detecting and characterizing urinary tract abnormalities and to evaluate the distribution and types of abnormalities identified on CTU. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between August and December 2025 and included 90 patients aged 18-82 years who were clinically suspected of having urinary tract pathology. Both inpatient and outpatient populations were included as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and all patients underwent a standardized triphasic CTU protocol. Imaging findings were analyzed and correlated with clinical presentations using appropriate statistical methods. Results: Urinary tract abnormalities were identified in 88.88% of patients, of whom 48.75% demonstrated a single abnormality and 51.25% exhibited multiple coexisting abnormalities. Hydronephrosis was the most frequently observed finding, accounting for 37.77%of cases, followed by nephrolithiasis in 36.66%. Urolithiasis was detected in 13.33% of patients, while urinary tract malignancies were identified in 5.55%. A statistically significant association was observed between clinical symptoms and imaging findings, with flank pain most commonly associated with hydronephrosis and urolithiasis. Conclusion: These findings indicated that CTU is a reliable and effective imaging technique for the detection, characterization, and grading of urinary tract abnormalities, supporting its continued use as a diagnostic modality in the evaluation of urinary tract pathologies.