National Identities and Immigration in Catalunya and Québec

ABSTRACT While national identity results in either positive or negative opinions towards immigrants, strong identification with a minority nation has been associated with ethnic‐ and language‐based nationalism, thus being linked to negative views. We examine citizens who identify with both a minority nation and a nation state. How do simultaneous multilevel identities explain immigration attitudes? We analyse representative survey data from Québec in 2019 ( N = 1450) and Catalunya in 2023 ( N = 1932)—minority nations with immigrant populations of 15% and 23%, respectively—comparing nation‐state identity (Canada, Spain) to minority‐nation identity (Québec, Catalunya). Our study explores the extent to which these dual identifications correlate with views on immigration entry and integration expectations.