Peripheral firms in blockchain-based networks: role of institutional pressures, perceived legitimacy and technological readiness in supply chain collaboration

Purpose This study aims to examine how a firm’s peripheral position within a blockchain network shapes institutional pressures and legitimacy-seeking behavior and, in turn, supply chain collaboration. Design/methodology/approach A three-study multi-method design is used. Study 1 uses a vignette-based experiment to test a partial mediation model of supply chain periphery and institutional pressures. Study 2 provides independent field replication via a cross-sectional survey. Study 3 evaluates two moderation effects using a second cross-sectional survey. Findings Studies 1 and 2 show that blockchain network periphery and institutional pressures are positively associated with supply chain collaboration, with institutional pressures partially mediating the effect of network periphery. Study 3 demonstrates that the pressure mechanism is conditional: perceived legitimacy gain strengthens the periphery–institutional pressures link, and blockchain technological readiness amplifies the institutional pressures–collaboration relationship. Originality/value A validated blockchain network periphery measure integrates network position with institutional mechanisms to explain collaboration under emerging technologies. Mixed-method triangulation across experimental and field designs bolsters external validity. Practically, results provide a diagnostic for screening partners and a governance playbook for channeling institutional pressures into coordinated, value-creating collaboration.