American Medical Women’s Association Position Statement on Period Poverty: Advancing Menstrual Equity Through Health Coverage Reform

One in four persons with a uterus is unable to afford menstrual products, with even higher prevalence among low-income populations, an unmet need that contributes to preventable infections, missed school and work, and persistent health inequities. Despite the essential role of menstrual products in basic health and hygiene, many public health coverage programs across the United States, including Medicaid and other assistance programs, continue to exclude items such as pads and tampons. This gap disproportionately harms individuals who already face significant economic and health disparities. Although Flexible Spending Accounts and Health Savings Accounts now permit the use of funds for menstrual products, these mechanisms primarily benefit individuals with stable employment and disposable income, leaving the most vulnerable populations unprotected. Continued exclusion by insurance and assistance programs imposes an unnecessary financial and health burden and undermines dignity and well-being. Federal and state policymakers, including Congress, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, and state Medicaid agencies, have clear authority to address this inequity by expanding definitions of "durable medical equipment" and "hygiene supplies" to explicitly include menstrual products and by removing administrative barriers to coverage. The American Medical Women's Association calls for federal action to classify menstrual products as essential health services under Medicaid and other public assistance programs.