THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MODERN ECONOMIC REFORMS IN REDUCING POVERTY

This study examines the effectiveness of modern economic reforms in reducing poverty, focusing on how policy measures such as trade liberalization, financial sector development, fiscal restructuring, and institutional improvements influence poverty dynamics. The research highlights that while economic reforms generally contribute to economic growth, their impact on poverty reduction is not automatic and depends on distributional effects, institutional quality, and complementary social policies. Evidence suggests that reforms are most effective in reducing poverty when supported by strong governance, inclusive labor markets, and well-designed social protection systems. The study concludes that sustainable poverty reduction requires an integrated approach combining market-oriented reforms with policies that ensure equitable growth and protect vulnerable populations during economic transitions.