Impact of psychological intervention combined with 1‐day outpatient care on emotional well‐being, glycemic control, and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to assess the effects of psychological intervention combined with 1-day outpatient care on emotional well-being, glycemic control, and pregnancy outcomes in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes (GD). METHODS: Pregnant women who underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation from October 2022 to June 2024 and who were diagnosed with GD, received regular prenatal care, and who delivered at the study hospital were included. Women who voluntarily accepted the intervention were assigned to the intervention group, while those who did not were assigned to the control group. The intervention group received psychological intervention combined with 1-day outpatient care along with standard diagnosis and treatment, whereas the control group attended routine outpatient clinics. Measures of emotional well-being, glycemic control, and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: levels were significantly lower in the intervention group compared with the control group, as were prenatal FPG levels and the number of cases with abnormal urine glucose and urine ketones. The rate of spontaneous vaginal delivery was higher in the intervention group. Incidences of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes, polyhydramnios, preterm birth, fetal macrosomia, and neonatal hypoglycemia were lower in the intervention group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological intervention along with 1-day outpatient care was associated with reductions in negative emotions such as anxiety and depression, improvements in glycemic self-management, an increased rate of spontaneous delivery, reduced maternal and neonatal complications, and more favorable pregnancy outcomes in women with GD.