Impact of a mobile health education program on blood pressure and lipid profiles: a cohort study

BACKGROUND: Hypertension and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and effective management of these conditions is essential for reducing long-term morbidity. Mobile health (mHealth) education has emerged as a widely used strategy to enhance disease awareness and encourage lifestyle modification. This study evaluated the impact of an mHealth-based education on cardiovascular risk factors and disease awareness among individuals with hypertension. METHODS: This single-arm retrospective cohort study analyzed health screening data collected in 2022 (baseline), 2023 (Phase I), and 2024 (Phase II). Participants received a series of mobile-delivered educational materials focused on hypertension and dyslipidemia, emphasizing lifestyle modification, self-management, and improved understanding of chronic disease risks. Primary outcomes were changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Secondary outcomes included changes in triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and fasting blood sugar (FBS). Annual prevalence rates of hypertension and dyslipidemia were also assessed. RESULTS: A total of 408 participants were included in the final analysis. SBP declined from 131 mmHg (IQR: 125-138) at baseline to 130 mmHg (IQR: 124-136) in 2023 and 128 mmHg (IQR: 120-136) in 2024 (P < 0.001). DBP decreased from 84 mmHg (IQR: 81-89) to 84 mmHg (IQR: 80-89) in 2023 and 82 mmHg (IQR: 75-89) in 2024 (P < 0.001). Hypertension prevalence decreased from 27% to 23.5% and 23%, though changes were not statistically significant. TG levels significantly decreased from 141 mg/dL (IQR: 96-206) to 138 mg/dL (IQR: 91-193) and 127 mg/dL (IQR: 92-185) (P < 0.001). LDL showed a statistically significant but small reduction (127 → 128 → 126 mg/dL; P = 0.003), while HDL remained unchanged. FBS increased slightly but significantly across the study period (98 → 99 → 99 mg/dL; P = 0.01). Dyslipidemia prevalence declined modestly (45.1% → 43.6% → 43.4%) without statistical significance. CONCLUSION: This study supports the feasibility of mobile health education as a low-cost strategy for improving blood pressure and lipid control. Strengthening education program content and enhancing participant engagement may further amplify its impact on population cardiovascular health.